Dealing with a broad theoretical spectrum that ranges from type-1 fuzzy sets introduced to the literature by Zadeh in 1965 to the most up-to-date modern extensions such as neutrosophic, intuitionistic, Pythagorean, and spherical fuzzy sets, this study offers a comprehensive guide for decision-making and control theory processes. Written in an accessible language that can benefit undergraduate and graduate students as well as managers and engineers working in the industry, the work is supported by numerous numerical examples that facilitate the understanding of complex new extensions.